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Human Rights

Equitable Urban Transitions in Africa: Legal Opportunities and Constraints
Introduction Urbanisation in sub-Saharan Africa is accelerating at an unprecedented rate, with the urban population projected to grow from approximately 472 million in 2020 to over 1.2 billion by 2050, raising the proportion of city dwellers from 43 % to nearly 60 % of the total population. This rapid growth presents both opportunities and challenges for equitable urban development.…
Inclusive Urban Transitions and Planning Law in East Africa: A Comparative Review of Kenya, Rwanda, and Ethiopia
Introduction Rapid urbanisation across East Africa presents opportunities and profound challenges for sustainable and equitable development. While urban populations have grown rapidly, this growth has not consistently translated into improved productivity or equitable development. Colonial legacies of segregated and car-oriented planning persist disadvantaging the majority who rely on non-motorised transport. Equitable urban transitions therefore require…
From the bottom-up: how transitional justice is being reappropriated and used as a mobilising tool in Eastern DRC
This blog piece is part of our ongoing “Rethinking Legal Research in and with Africa” symposium. To access the introduction explaining the framework, click here (ALS / LDC), to access the overview of the symposium click here (ALS / LDC). What happens when transitional justice (TJ) moves beyond negotiated peace agreements and post-conflict transitions and…

Environmental law

Equitable Urban Transitions in Africa: Legal Opportunities and Constraints
Introduction Urbanisation in sub-Saharan Africa is accelerating at an unprecedented rate, with the urban population projected to grow from approximately 472 million in 2020 to over 1.2 billion by 2050, raising the proportion of city dwellers from 43 % to nearly 60 % of the total population. This rapid growth presents both opportunities and challenges for equitable urban development.…
Inclusive Urban Transitions and Planning Law in East Africa: A Comparative Review of Kenya, Rwanda, and Ethiopia
Introduction Rapid urbanisation across East Africa presents opportunities and profound challenges for sustainable and equitable development. While urban populations have grown rapidly, this growth has not consistently translated into improved productivity or equitable development. Colonial legacies of segregated and car-oriented planning persist disadvantaging the majority who rely on non-motorised transport. Equitable urban transitions therefore require…
State obligations in addressing Climate Change: The interplay between the climate treaty regime and international Human Rights law
Introduction Recent climate events illustrate the growing human impact of climate change.[1] However, the legal framework governing state responsibility remains fragmented. This short piece argues that while climate treaties provide the primary institutional framework for mitigation, adaptation and international cooperation, human rights law imposes more stringent and enforceable duties on states. I highlight how the…

f ocus on soma lia

The Human Rights Situation in the Federal Republic of Somalia: Challenges and Perspectives
Introduction The Federal Republic of Somalia, located in the Horn of Africa, bears the scars of a past marked by colonial rule, a brief period of independence, and a devastating civil war that began in 1991. The collapse of the central government plunged the country into years of anarchy and clan-based violence, while also enabling…
Investment and Investor Protection in Somalia
Introduction With Somalia’s accession to the East African Community (EAC), the internal market of this community is also becoming increasingly attractive for foreign investments. A common market with over 300 million populations is developing, and there is not only a common internal market. It also has an excellent strategic location from the Indian Ocean to…
The East African Community: Past Experiences and Lessons for the Future
Introduction The East Africa Community (EAC) is one of the oldest regional economic blocs in the world.[1] Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania, as members of EAC, had a customs union as early as 1927.[2] While this regional bloc collapsed in 1977, it was re-established in 2000 and grew from three to eight countries, including Uganda, Kenya,…

Regional Integration

A Digital Pathway to Integration Beyond Legal Frameworks to Digital Reality
Introduction The region’s track towards integration has been long: legal frameworks have been established, the Customs Union has been formed,[1] the Common Market Protocol has been put in place,[2] and the Monetary Union is the ultimate goal pursued for more than 20 years[3]. But the gap between policy and practice is wide: intra-EAC trade has…
The Message Communicated to African Regionalisation Following the Creation of the Alliance of Sahel States-AES
Introduction The Alliance of Sahel States, also known in French as the ‘Alliance des Etats du Sahel’ (AES), is a confederation formed by Burkina Faso, Niger, and Mali.[1] The AES was established in September 2023, following the adoption of the Charter of Liptako-Gourma, which establishes the Alliance of Sahel States.[2] The AES Charter was signed…
How African countries are managing the potentially catastrophic risks of just transition through the investment regime
Introduction Foreign investment has long been an important policy tool for countries seeking to transform their economies. The international investment regime—comprising treaties and institutions—has supported this objective by creating policies to attract and protect investment. For developing countries, foreign investment plays a particularly crucial role in alleviating poverty, generating employment opportunities, and fostering economic…

A Digital Pathway to Integration Beyond Legal Frameworks to Digital…

Decentering Legal Research: Decolonial Approaches, Normative Pluralism, and Epistemic Justice…

Are attacks on energy infrastructure in armed conflict compatible with…

Red card to child labour: A Global moment of reflection?

An Appraisal of the updated FMO/DEG/Proparco’s Independent Complaints Mechanism Policy:…

South Africa ‘s Third World Approach to International Law: African…

Human Rights

Environmental law

f ocus on soma lia

Regional Integration