A Digital Pathway to IntegrationBeyond Legal Frameworks to Digital Reality

Introduction The region’s track towards integration has been long: legal frameworks have been established, the Customs Union has been formed,[1] the Common Market Protocol has been put in place,[2] and…

Decentering Legal Research: Decolonial Approaches, Normative Pluralism, and Epistemic Justice from the Congolese Context

Introduction On 3 April 2026, within the framework of the Séminaires Boussoles at the Faculty of Law and Criminology of the Université catholique de Louvain, Nina Bries Silva and I…

Are attacks on energy infrastructure in armed conflict compatible with international humanitarian law, given their environmental and humanitarian consequences?

Introduction The ongoing conflict between Iran and US/Israeli forces has proved to have a significant effect on the environment, while also raising serious issues regarding international humanitarian law. What began…

Red card to child labour: A Global moment of reflection?

Today’s International Day against Child Labour gives us yet another chance to assess our progress in addressing the ills that it is. It is both convenient and fit for purpose…

An Appraisal of the updated FMO/DEG/Proparco’s Independent Complaints Mechanism Policy: Assessing its Prospects and Potential Impact on Access to Remedy

Introduction The Independent Complaints Mechanism (ICM) is a grievance mechanism of three leading European bilateral Development Finance Institutions (DFIs), namely Dutch Nederlandse Financierings-Maatschappij voor Ontwikkelingslanden N.V. (FMO), German Deutsche Investitions-…

South Africa ‘s Third World Approach to International Law: African agency and the international order

Introduction In December 2023, the South African government filed a case of genocide against Israel https://www.icj-cij.org/sites/default/files/case-related/192/192-20231228-app-01-00-en.pdf at the International Court of Justice (ICJ) accusing it of committing genocide against Palestinians…

Legal Framework for Green Business in Rwanda and Environmental Profit Maximasation

Introduction This chapter examines the multi-layered legal architecture that governs green business activities in Rwanda and underpins the concept of environmental profit maximization. It proceeds across three interconnected levels: international…

Women’s human rights, marriage, and moral pluralism in Africa: a daughter’s reflections

Introduction Third World Approaches to International Law ( TWAIL) aims to be the voice of a historically voiceless global south on the international law scene. It seeks to “ re-tell…

My Voice in Tackling Human Trafficking in Africa – Reflections from Jesca Titin

Human trafficking is the illegal movement or coercion of people for exploitation mainly through forced labor or sexual exploitation using force, fraud or coercion. It includes types such as sex…

An analysis of the term ‘judicialization’ through J Oloka-Onyango’s, “ When Courts Do Politics “

To judicialize or not to judicialize? You know when people ask, ‘How did we get here?’ I sometimes think maybe we never really left that given place to begin with.…