An Appraisal of the updated FMO/DEG/Proparco’s Independent Complaints Mechanism Policy: Assessing its Prospects and Potential Impact on Access to Remedy

Introduction The Independent Complaints Mechanism (ICM) is a grievance mechanism of three leading European bilateral Development Finance Institutions (DFIs), namely Dutch Nederlandse Financierings-Maatschappij voor Ontwikkelingslanden N.V. (FMO), German Deutsche Investitions-…